Undergraduate Banking

Basics of Commercial Bank Balance Sheet

7 min read

How assets, liabilities and capital fit together on an Indian commercial bank’s books.

A bank balance sheet is a snapshot of what the bank owns and what it owes. Assets are dominated by loans and investments; liabilities by deposits.

Lesson objectives

  • Read assets versus liabilities.
  • See why capital is a residual, not cash in a vault.
  • Connect NPA recognition to the asset side.

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